Biology 101

Running Head : GENES AND THE ENVIRONMENTOn the Interaction of Genes and Environment in reaping claw jail carrellular telephoneular phone AnemiaOn the Interaction of Genes and Environment in reaping collar Cell AnemiaSickle carrel anaemia is a factortic blood dis which masks haemoglobin the protein carried by red blood cells and creditworthy for carrying oxygen end-to-end the body (robin , 2007 . The inheritance pattern for the dis is autosomal recessionary allelomorph in that the individual needs to be homozygous for the reaping hook cell allele in for it to manifest (Krogh , 2005Sickle cell anemia affects passel globally although it occurs more frequently in people of certain(prenominal) ethnicities . For instance , 70 000 to 80 000 Americans as note to hellion million people of African descent (Robin , 2007 ) are affect by the infirmityAlthough the frequency of reaping hook cell trait in Africa was thrice as much to that in America the sickness itself was much less common . Various hypotheses have been proposed in to account for this discrepancy such as better wellness of the adult African population higher African sister mortality rate as well as beat out hold healthy conceptions in the United States . A decision during the aboriginal 1950s however has led to the definitive bring prat the difference : the huge impact of the milieu on genes in reaping hook cell anemiaAnthony Allison , driven by the results put in by E . A . Beet in northmost Rhodesia in 1946 , studied the interaction between sickle cell anemia and malaria . He found that the frequency distribution of the sickle cell condition mapped very closely to that of the most trying forms of malaria (Natural Sciences learning Center , 2003 . Using the concept of balanced polymorphism , he explained the results he achieved . He reasoned out that heterozyg! ous individuals for haemoglobin S had better chances of combating the effects of malaria over those who had form hemoglobin As such , the deleterious effect of homozygosity in the recessive gene is offset and the high prevalence of the recessive gene in the population is maintainedIt is thus constructive to no(prenominal) that not all mutations are disadvantages .

In most cases , the environment compensates and makes them plus and necessaryReferencesKrogh , David (2005 . Biology : A Guide to the Natural universe of discourse , tertiary Edition . New Jersey : Prentice - entrance hall , IncMiller , Robin (2007 . Sickle CellAnemia . Nemours Foundation range Retrieved declination 15 , 2007 , from HYPERLINK hypertext transfer protocol /network .kidshealth .org /teen /diseases_conditions /genetic /sickle_cell_ anemia .html http /www .kidshealth .org /teen /diseases_conditions /genetic /sickle_cell_a nemia .htmlNatural Sciences Learning Center (2003 . Biogeography and ecology of Sickle Cell Anemia . Washington University - Biology Site . Retrieved December 15 , 2007 from HYPERLINK http /www .nslc .wustl .edu /sicklecell /part3 /biogeography .html http /www .nslc .wustl .edu /sicklecell /part3 /biogeography .html deviate sickle shaped red blood cells , as contrast to their formula disc -shaped appearance is the physical manifestation of the dis and results to the cells d which is responsible for carrying oxygen throughout the body . It is recessive in that the person needs to be homozygous for the sickle cell allele for the dis...If you want to get a full essay, localize it on our websit e: OrderCustom! Paper.com

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